Analysis of the deterioration phenomenon of Polycarboxylate superplasticizer

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Recently, the world's largest investment management corporation, BlackRock, in a market research report said that currently, they prefer U.S. and Japanese equities to European equities because of the energy problem stemming from Russia's invasion of Ukraine.

"Russia's invasion of Ukraine caused terrible injuries, a surge in commodity prices, and food and energy security issues," BlackRock, "It is stifling the economic growth and fulling inflation driven by supply problems. Europe is most affected among those developed markets, as it is trying to wean itself off Russian energy."

The volatile international political situations will continue to affect the markets and prices of many commodities like the Polycarboxylate superplasticizer .

What is Polycarboxylate superplasticizer?

Polycarboxylate superplasticizer is the third generation of high-performance water-reducing agent after ordinary water-reducing agent and high-efficiency water-reducing agent. Compared with other types of superplasticizers, it has the advantages of strong molecular designability, high water reduction rate, good slump retention, low chloride ion and alkaline substance content, and pollution-free production and use. In practical applications, polycarboxylate superplasticizers are often compounded with a small amount of defoaming components, retarding components, air-entraining components, and viscosity-modifying components to meet different technical performance requirements of concrete.

The combination of sodium gluconate or sucrose as a retarding component with a polycarboxylate superplasticizer can increase the water reduction rate to a certain extent, slow down the loss of concrete slump, and improve the adaptability of the superplasticizer to cement. However, at the same time, the polycarboxylate superplasticizer products are often deteriorated quickly due to the addition of sodium gluconate, ranging from reduced performance to complete loss of efficacy, which brings many uncertain factors to engineering use or directly leads to engineering accidents. This problem is even worse in hot weather.

Phenomenon and causes of deterioration of polycarboxylate superplasticizers

1.In the early stage of deterioration of polycarboxylate superplasticizer, there are light-colored fluffy or cotton-wool plaques on the liquid surface, and then develop into discrete block-shaped floating objects, and string-shaped bubbles emerge from time to time;

2. When the deterioration is serious, the bacterial plaque will cover the entire liquid surface, and the solution will appear dense green, brown and black suspended matter, accompanied by the generation of rotten sour gas. This deterioration is mainly caused by mildew.

The mildew of polycarboxylate superplasticizer is also related to its storage environment. Improper storage conditions, such as severe temperature rise in the storage space, lack of ventilation, and humidity, lead to the melting of the large monomer and the local temperature of the monomer is too high. Higher temperature will intensify the movement of macromolecular chains. Once the dissociation energy of chemical bonds is exceeded, chain decomposition, random fracture and thermal decomposition will occur, resulting in accelerated degradation of polymers. Similarly, the higher the temperature, the greater the activity of microorganisms, and the faster the mildew rate of the superplasticizer.

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The EU’s draft REPowerEU plan calls for an increase of 15TWh of rooftop PV capacity by 2022. The draft also calls for EU and national governments to take action this year to reduce the time required to obtain permits for rooftop PV installations to three months, and proposes that "all new buildings and existing buildings with an energy grade OF D or above should have rooftop PV installations by 2025".  

In addition, the European Commission is likely to set a target for installed PV capacity of 300GW by 2025 and 500GW by 2030. Some members are more aggressive, with Austria, Belgium, Lithuania, Luxembourg, and Spain demanding a 1TW target for 2030.  

The REPowerEU initiative, worth 195 billion euros, was proposed by the EU on March 8 to phase out member states' dependence on Russian fossil fuels by 2030. In a few days, the European Commission will present a package to implement the RePowerEU strategy.  

As an important application scenario of distributed PV, rooftop PV is not limited to land, and the development conditions are relatively convenient.  

Since the end of 2021, Spain, France, the Netherlands, and other countries have introduced policies and measures such as government subsidies, tax cuts, fee reductions, and accelerated grid-connection approval to encourage the development of distributed PV.  Europe's potential for rooftop PV is huge and will continue to be an important growth pole for the industry, according to Wood Mackenzie.

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